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Natural Disaster / Sharma, R.K. & Sharma, Gagandeep (Eds.)
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Natural Disaster
Sharma, R.K. & Sharma, Gagandeep (Eds.)
 
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  Book ID : 26362
  ISBN-10 : 81-7648-810-0 / 8176488100
  ISBN-13 : 978-81-7648-810-5 / 9788176488105
  Place of Publication : Delhi
  Year of Publication : 2009
  Edition :
  Language : English
  xvii, 270p., Maps, Illus., Bib., Index, 23 cm.
   
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 CONTENTS
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 DESCRIPTION
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The significance of disaster in today's environment comes under question. Why do we need to bother so much? After all, disasters have been with us for as long as the recorded history and presumably even longer. Disasters are phenomenon, which cannot be stopped altogether but advance planning can mitigate sufferings. What precautions are necessary is a question, which needs research, analysis and documentation. We must initiate action in order to avoid such disasters. India covers an area extending from snow-covered mountains in the North to the tropical rain forests of south. Because of large geographical size of the country, India often faces natural hazards like floods, cyclones and droughts occurring frequently in different parts of the country. At times, some areas normally subjected to drought have become flooded in certain years. Hazards like earthquakes, hailstorms, avalanches, landslides, etc. occur unexpectedly, but they are restricted in their impact in terms of time. The extent of the impact of an earthquake depends on its magnitude, season and time of occurrence. Kofi Annan, Secretary General, UN stated at the programme Forum of International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR), held in Geneva in July 1999:" The humanitarian Community does a remarkable job in responding to disasters. But the most important task in the medium and long-term is to strengthen and broaden programmes, which reduce the number and cost of disaster in its first place. While we should continue to improve and strengthen our response capacity, we need to engage in working together to build a global culture of prevention". Scientifically, disasters are of two types- Natural and Manmade. Natural Disasters are beyond human control as no one can stop them but we can always take precaution, which can either evade such disasters or at least lesson their effects. Man made disasters are totally manageable. There is a third category of disasters as well which has been altogether ignored by the experts on disaster management. The Technological Disaster is third dimensions of disaster which have been over looked till today. The Bhopal Gas Tragedy and the incidents of similar kind fall under the category of Technical Disasters. Stopping, Controlling and Managing disaster situations are termed as disaster management. The Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, entrusted the job of organizing a conference on "Natural Disaster: Institutional Building for Mitigating the Impact on Vulnerable Section" to Mahatma Gandhi State Institute of Public Administration, Punjab at Chandigarh during March 25-26, 2004 in which the experts from across the States participated and deliberated on various aspects of natural disaster. Keeping in view the theme of the conference, Institution Building and Capacity Building for mitigating the impact on vulnerable section has been emphasized as the children, women and the downtrodden are adversely effected by any kind of disasters. The Ministry of Home Affairs, has taken number of initiatives in the recent past for Institutional Building through creating National Institutes and providing financial assistance to the various State Training Institutes, Universities and NGO's for capacity building and creating awareness among the masses on various kinds of disasters. World Bank, however, lauded the Eleventh Finance Commission's recommendation for a greater role of insurers and creation of a National Center for Calamity Management to provide advice to the government on the financing of calamity recovery efforts. World Bank could assist the country by offering a catastrophe risk management model that could be effectively used to reduce fiscal and financial exposures to natural disasters. One of the key issues identified is Capacity Building for disaster management in India. In the present context, the capacity building involves the development of both individual and organizational capacity for implementing all strategies and action plan, which can be elaborated with respect to following points : 1. Assessment of existing spatial information that is needed to be part of the Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) for Disaster Management. 2. Establishment of work-flow mechanisms for conversion of existing information and development of SDI for Disaster Management. 3. Setting up of the appropriate facility with hardware and software. 4. Capacity building of organizational directed both at development and application of spatial technologies. 5. Development of appropriate course curricula for in-housing training and management. 6. Improvement and up-gradation of educational and research facility for Geoinformatics in Disaster Management. 7. Strengthening the contact (networking) between the organization in consideration and key related organizations. Some of the papers in the conference talked about the strategy which can play a crucial role in disaster management provided it is integrated suitably in the decision making process. In this regard most imperative is generating awareness among all sections of society regarding the possibilities of recent advancements and developing human resource to meet the challenge of implementing geoinformatics technology. The implementation of geoinformatics technology depends on two aspects : 1) developing appropriate geoinforamatic as infrastructure; and 2) application of the spatial/ non-spatial and temporal information for all phases of disaster management. The present work is an endeavour in the direction of understanding the problems and the occurrences and also offering suggestions for seeking a remedy for the same. The whole issue has been approached and treated in a very systematic and scientific manner, keeping the practical aspects in mind. Hopefully, this edited book, though not voluminous, yet comprehensive and exhaustive in its totality, would create an awareness among all concerned and prove to be a source of enrichment, for the general readers who may eventually help themselves to cope with similar situations.
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